By Brandon Fortier 

A few years ago, the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Argonne National Laboratory underwent a transformative expansion, adding two cutting-edge beamlines to one of the world’s most powerful X-ray light sources. Now, the impact of these upgrades is being realized, with groundbreaking research emerging from the facility—particularly in the advancement of next-generation battery technology.  

The APS upgrade included the construction of a 22,000-square-foot Long Beamline Building, designed to house two new beamlines extending off an existing electron accelerator. This expansion allows photons to travel further distances than ever before, giving scientists the ability to examine minuscule structures in real time. The facility houses: 

  • In-Situ Nanoprobe (ISN): An 820-foot beamline that enables real-time imaging of materials as their environment changes, such as watching a battery charge and discharge under different conditions. 
  • High Energy X-Ray Microscope (HEXM): A 590-foot beamline that combines high energy with greater focusing ability, allowing researchers to map the composition of materials with unprecedented detail. 

One of the first discoveries to emerge from the APS upgrade is in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery technology. Scientists used HEXM to analyze how electrolyte additives interact at the microscopic level, leading to the development of new formulations that improve energy density and cycle life—key factors in making Li-S batteries commercially viable. 

Li-S batteries offer a promising alternative to lithium-ion technology, providing: 

  • Higher energy density for longer-lasting power 
  • Reduced reliance on costly materials like cobalt and nickel 
  • Potential cost savings for electric vehicles and renewable energy storage 

The APS expansion, designed with precision and sustainability by IMEG, is paving the way for innovative discoveries across multiple scientific fields. With its enhanced capabilities, APS will continue to drive innovations in energy storage, materials science, and beyond — shaping the future of electrification and sustainable technology. 

Read more about IMEG’s design for the Argonne National Laboratory Long Beamline Addition and read more about the LI-S discovery.